The 'organizing principal' that I have chosen is context. An example of context from the reading is the anecdote about the origin of X-rays. German physicist Wilheim Roentgen made this discovery when he was looking at a fogged photographic plate while he was working with some vacuum tubes. When he took an X-ray of his wife, he was able to see her bones and her wedding ring. By using context and taking the clues from the fogged plate that he had found earlier, Roentgen managed to create the X-ray and discover a way to help people with their broken bones.
An example that I have made of this principle is that I went online and looked up a sentence that contained a word that I did not know. I went on a web sight and found a sentence. The word was insouciance, and the sentence was: "His insouciance will come back to bite him, if he doesn't study he will have to repeat his grade." I immediately came to the conclusion that insouciance was another word for lazy. I thought that when the sentence was describing the possible failure of the student, and how his insouciance would hurt him, the word was suggesting his lack of effort. When I looked up the actual definition online, it was: "Casual lack of concern; indifference." I didn't get the true meaning of the word, but using the context clues of the sentence, I managed to come up with a definition that sends almost the same message.
This method that I used to find the definition of insouciance involved my sense perception because I had to use my sense of sight to read the word and I had to use my mind to process the information. Once I had read the words on the page, I used my brain to interpret the sentence and think up a possible definition for it. I then delved into my memory to dig up my common sense and I used the conclusion I came up with to estimate a possible definition for insouciance. Context is truly essential in the area of sense perception, and it helps us dig out the clues that are sometimes hidden to us throughout our lives.
SOURCES:
http://wiki.answers.com/Q/Can_you_give_me_hard_words_and_then_sentences_for_them
https://www.google.com/search?q=insouciance&rlz=1C1NNVC_enUS487US514&oq=insouciance&sugexp=chrome,mod=15&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8
Tuesday, December 18, 2012
Monday, December 10, 2012
Sense Perception & Knowledge of the External World
3. To see "what is the case," the requirement is that the sight in question must be organized by the brain through these different methods. Context is when certain circumstances are formed into an event. An inference is when someone reaches a conclusion using the method of reasoning. A concept is a broad or abstract idea that is usually applied to a worldly topic. Experience is when a person goes through an event in their life and learns how to use that event to prepare for another situation that is similar to its predecessor. Interpretation is when a person absorbs an idea, and frames their own belief about what that idea really means. Those are the methods in which someone can use to see "what is the case."
4.What Nietzsche means by "the fallacy of the immaculate perception" is that there is no one correct view as to how something is seen, and there are many more views besides an accepted view. Joseph Jastrow proved this point by creating a drawing that was vague enough to be interpreted as several different things, which included either a rabbit or a duck. We have done this in class with the perception test. For example, when the slide of the cleaning woman was shown, it was made in such a way in which it could have been interpreted as several different views. For example, the drawing was so abstract that I interpreted the drawing as the head of an alien and a pair of chopsticks
7. When Abel says "to perceive is to solve a problem", he means that finding a permanent image when you are viewing a scene helps you truly function in the world. For example, if a tiger finds a man alone in the woods, perception is essential for that man's survival. If he has poor perception, the man will not be able to properly use and trust his vision, and the tiger will most likely kill him. However, if the man has good perception, he can see the threat that is in front of him, and he can trust his senses to properly deal with the situation at hand. That is what Abel means when he says "to perceive is to solve a problem."
8. The role of social conditioning in determining how things "naturally look" is that it causes the individual's views to be altered. If society tells an individual how something should look, that individual is going to be looking at that view as they think they are supposed to look at it. For example, when a toddler is asking his mother about cheese, she is going to tell him that it contains the color yellow. Therefore if the toddler sees a picture of red cheese, he is going to come to the conclusion that it is not the natural look of cheese, for he has been told that normal cheese is yellow. That is the role that social conditioning has in determining how things naturally look.
9. The significance about the Durer rhinoceros story is that it shows how Durer's carving threw human convention up in the air about what a rhino should look like. Durer used "second hand evidence" in order to create his interpretation of a rhino, and as a result, it may or may not have looked like a real rhino. The influence of convention took place when James Bruce drew a rhino. When he saw saw the rhino in Africa in 1790, Bruce thought it looked incredibly similar to Durer's carving. He was so influenced by the carving that when Bruce sketched the rhino, there was suspicion that he made it look more like Durer's work rather than the actual rhino. As a result, no zoologist can tell whether Bruce's drawing is truly a rhino or not. That is the significance about the Durer rhinoceros story, and that was how convention influenced James Bruce's drawing
11. When Abel writes "believing is seeing", he means that people gain their beliefs by being either seeing something, or being guided to see something to another's interpretations. For example, a woman is in a museum looking at a painting of a partly cloudy sky. The curator notices her observations and tells her that the cloud on the upper left hand corner of the painting is meant to be in the shape of an acorn. The woman, taking the curator's word to heart, makes an effort to prove that his statement is true. When she thinks she has seen the acorn, she believes that the cloud is truly shaped like an acorn. That is how believing is seeing.
4.What Nietzsche means by "the fallacy of the immaculate perception" is that there is no one correct view as to how something is seen, and there are many more views besides an accepted view. Joseph Jastrow proved this point by creating a drawing that was vague enough to be interpreted as several different things, which included either a rabbit or a duck. We have done this in class with the perception test. For example, when the slide of the cleaning woman was shown, it was made in such a way in which it could have been interpreted as several different views. For example, the drawing was so abstract that I interpreted the drawing as the head of an alien and a pair of chopsticks
7. When Abel says "to perceive is to solve a problem", he means that finding a permanent image when you are viewing a scene helps you truly function in the world. For example, if a tiger finds a man alone in the woods, perception is essential for that man's survival. If he has poor perception, the man will not be able to properly use and trust his vision, and the tiger will most likely kill him. However, if the man has good perception, he can see the threat that is in front of him, and he can trust his senses to properly deal with the situation at hand. That is what Abel means when he says "to perceive is to solve a problem."
8. The role of social conditioning in determining how things "naturally look" is that it causes the individual's views to be altered. If society tells an individual how something should look, that individual is going to be looking at that view as they think they are supposed to look at it. For example, when a toddler is asking his mother about cheese, she is going to tell him that it contains the color yellow. Therefore if the toddler sees a picture of red cheese, he is going to come to the conclusion that it is not the natural look of cheese, for he has been told that normal cheese is yellow. That is the role that social conditioning has in determining how things naturally look.
9. The significance about the Durer rhinoceros story is that it shows how Durer's carving threw human convention up in the air about what a rhino should look like. Durer used "second hand evidence" in order to create his interpretation of a rhino, and as a result, it may or may not have looked like a real rhino. The influence of convention took place when James Bruce drew a rhino. When he saw saw the rhino in Africa in 1790, Bruce thought it looked incredibly similar to Durer's carving. He was so influenced by the carving that when Bruce sketched the rhino, there was suspicion that he made it look more like Durer's work rather than the actual rhino. As a result, no zoologist can tell whether Bruce's drawing is truly a rhino or not. That is the significance about the Durer rhinoceros story, and that was how convention influenced James Bruce's drawing
11. When Abel writes "believing is seeing", he means that people gain their beliefs by being either seeing something, or being guided to see something to another's interpretations. For example, a woman is in a museum looking at a painting of a partly cloudy sky. The curator notices her observations and tells her that the cloud on the upper left hand corner of the painting is meant to be in the shape of an acorn. The woman, taking the curator's word to heart, makes an effort to prove that his statement is true. When she thinks she has seen the acorn, she believes that the cloud is truly shaped like an acorn. That is how believing is seeing.
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